Design Patterns - Adapter Pattern

Ref:- http://www.tutorialspoint.com/design_pattern/adapter_pattern.htm

Adapter pattern works as a bridge between two incompatible interfaces. This type of design pattern comes under structural pattern as this pattern combines the capability of two independent interfaces.

This pattern involves a single class which is responsible to join functionalities of independent or incompatible interfaces. A real life example could be a case of card reader which acts as an adapter between memory card and a laptop. You plugin the memory card into card reader and card reader into the laptop so that memory card can be read via laptop.

We are demonstrating use of Adapter pattern via following example in which an audio player device can play mp3 files only and wants to use an advanced audio player capable of playing vlc and mp4 files.

Implementation

We have a MediaPlayer interface and a concrete class AudioPlayerimplementing the MediaPlayer interface. AudioPlayer can play mp3 format audio files by default.

We are having another interface AdvancedMediaPlayer and concrete classes implementing the AdvancedMediaPlayer interface. These classes can play vlc and mp4 format files.

We want to make AudioPlayer to play other formats as well. To attain this, we have created an adapter class MediaAdapter which implements the MediaPlayerinterface and uses AdvancedMediaPlayer objects to play the required format.

AudioPlayer uses the adapter class MediaAdapter passing it the desired audio type without knowing the actual class which can play the desired format.AdapterPatternDemo, our demo class will use AudioPlayer class to play various formats.

Step 1

Create interfaces for Media Player and Advanced Media Player.

MediaPlayer.java

public interface MediaPlayer {
   public void play(String audioType, String fileName);
}

AdvancedMediaPlayer.java

public interface AdvancedMediaPlayer { 
   public void playVlc(String fileName);
   public void playMp4(String fileName);
}

Step 2

Create concrete classes implementing the AdvancedMediaPlayer interface.

VlcPlayer.java

public class VlcPlayer implements AdvancedMediaPlayer{
   @Override
   public void playVlc(String fileName) {
      System.out.println("Playing vlc file. Name: "+ fileName);  
   }

   @Override
   public void playMp4(String fileName) {
      //do nothing
   }
}

Mp4Player.java

public class Mp4Player implements AdvancedMediaPlayer{

   @Override
   public void playVlc(String fileName) {
      //do nothing
   }

   @Override
   public void playMp4(String fileName) {
      System.out.println("Playing mp4 file. Name: "+ fileName);  
   }
}

Step 3

Create adapter class implementing the MediaPlayer interface.

MediaAdapter.java

public class MediaAdapter implements MediaPlayer {

   AdvancedMediaPlayer advancedMusicPlayer;

   public MediaAdapter(String audioType){
   
      if(audioType.equalsIgnoreCase("vlc") ){
         advancedMusicPlayer = new VlcPlayer();   
         
      }else if (audioType.equalsIgnoreCase("mp4")){
         advancedMusicPlayer = new Mp4Player();
      } 
   }

   @Override
   public void play(String audioType, String fileName) {
   
      if(audioType.equalsIgnoreCase("vlc")){
         advancedMusicPlayer.playVlc(fileName);
      }
      else if(audioType.equalsIgnoreCase("mp4")){
         advancedMusicPlayer.playMp4(fileName);
      }
   }
}

Step 4

Create concrete class implementing the MediaPlayer interface.

AudioPlayer.java

public class AudioPlayer implements MediaPlayer {
   MediaAdapter mediaAdapter; 

   @Override
   public void play(String audioType, String fileName) {  

      //inbuilt support to play mp3 music files
      if(audioType.equalsIgnoreCase("mp3")){
         System.out.println("Playing mp3 file. Name: " + fileName);   
      } 
      
      //mediaAdapter is providing support to play other file formats
      else if(audioType.equalsIgnoreCase("vlc") || audioType.equalsIgnoreCase("mp4")){
         mediaAdapter = new MediaAdapter(audioType);
         mediaAdapter.play(audioType, fileName);
      }
      
      else{
         System.out.println("Invalid media. " + audioType + " format not supported");
      }
   }   
}

Step 5

Use the AudioPlayer to play different types of audio formats.

AdapterPatternDemo.java

public class AdapterPatternDemo {
   public static void main(String[] args) {
      AudioPlayer audioPlayer = new AudioPlayer();

      audioPlayer.play("mp3", "beyond the horizon.mp3");
      audioPlayer.play("mp4", "alone.mp4");
      audioPlayer.play("vlc", "far far away.vlc");
      audioPlayer.play("avi", "mind me.avi");
   }
}

Step 6

Verify the output.

Playing mp3 file. Name: beyond the horizon.mp3
Playing mp4 file. Name: alone.mp4
Playing vlc file. Name: far far away.vlc
Invalid media. avi format not supported

Design Patterns - Facade Pattern

Ref:- http://www.tutorialspoint.com/design_pattern/facade_pattern.htm

Facade pattern hides the complexities of the system and provides an interface to the client using which the client can access the system. This type of design pattern comes under structural pattern as this pattern adds an interface to existing system to hide its complexities.

This pattern involves a single class which provides simplified methods required by client and delegates calls to methods of existing system classes.

Implementation

We are going to create a Shape interface and concrete classes implementing the Shape interface. A facade class ShapeMaker is defined as a next step.

ShapeMaker class uses the concrete classes to delegate user calls to these classes. FacadePatternDemo, our demo class, will use ShapeMaker class to show the results.

Step 1

Create an interface.

Shape.java

public interface Shape {
   void draw();
}

Step 2

Create concrete classes implementing the same interface.

Rectangle.java

public class Rectangle implements Shape {

   @Override
   public void draw() {
      System.out.println("Rectangle::draw()");
   }
}

Square.java

public class Square implements Shape {

   @Override
   public void draw() {
      System.out.println("Square::draw()");
   }
}

Circle.java

public class Circle implements Shape {

   @Override
   public void draw() {
      System.out.println("Circle::draw()");
   }
}

Step 3

Create a facade class.

ShapeMaker.java

public class ShapeMaker {
   private Shape circle;
   private Shape rectangle;
   private Shape square;

   public ShapeMaker() {
      circle = new Circle();
      rectangle = new Rectangle();
      square = new Square();
   }

   public void drawCircle(){
      circle.draw();
   }
   public void drawRectangle(){
      rectangle.draw();
   }
   public void drawSquare(){
      square.draw();
   }
}

Step 4

Use the facade to draw various types of shapes.

FacadePatternDemo.java

public class FacadePatternDemo {
   public static void main(String[] args) {
      ShapeMaker shapeMaker = new ShapeMaker();

      shapeMaker.drawCircle();
      shapeMaker.drawRectangle();
      shapeMaker.drawSquare();  
   }
}

Step 5

Verify the output.

Circle::draw()
Rectangle::draw()
Square::draw()

Design Patterns - Business Delegate Pattern

Ref:- http://www.tutorialspoint.com/design_pattern/business_delegate_pattern.htm

Business Delegate Pattern is used to decouple presentation tier and business tier. It is basically use to reduce communication or remote lookup functionality to business tier code in presentation tier code. In business tier we have following entities.

• Client - Presentation tier code may be JSP, servlet or UI java code.
• Business Delegate - A single entry point class for client entities to provide access to Business Service methods.
• LookUp Service - Lookup service object is responsible to get relative business implementation and provide business object access to business delegate object.
• Business Service - Business Service interface. Concrete classes implement this business service to provide actual business implementation logic.

Implementation

We are going to create a Client, BusinessDelegate, BusinessService,LookUpService, JMSService and EJBService representing various entities of Business Delegate patterns.

BusinessDelegatePatternDemo, our demo class, will use BusinessDelegate andClient to demonstrate use of Business Delegate pattern.

Step 1

Create BusinessService Interface.

BusinessService.java

public interface BusinessService {
   public void doProcessing();
}

Step 2

Create concrete Service classes.

EJBService.java

public class EJBService implements BusinessService {

   @Override
   public void doProcessing() {
      System.out.println("Processing task by invoking EJB Service");
   }
}

JMSService.java

public class JMSService implements BusinessService {

   @Override
   public void doProcessing() {
      System.out.println("Processing task by invoking JMS Service");
   }
}

Step 3

Create Business Lookup Service.

BusinessLookUp.java

public class BusinessLookUp {
   public BusinessService getBusinessService(String serviceType){
   
      if(serviceType.equalsIgnoreCase("EJB")){
         return new EJBService();
      }
      else {
         return new JMSService();
      }
   }
}

Step 4

Create Business Delegate.

BusinessDelegate.java

public class BusinessDelegate {
   private BusinessLookUp lookupService = new BusinessLookUp();
   private BusinessService businessService;
   private String serviceType;

   public void setServiceType(String serviceType){
      this.serviceType = serviceType;
   }

   public void doTask(){
      businessService = lookupService.getBusinessService(serviceType);
      businessService.doProcessing();  
   }
}

Step 5

Create Client.

Client.java

public class Client {
 
   BusinessDelegate businessService;

   public Client(BusinessDelegate businessService){
      this.businessService  = businessService;
   }

   public void doTask(){  
      businessService.doTask();
   }
}

Step 6

Use BusinessDelegate and Client classes to demonstrate Business Delegate pattern.

BusinessDelegatePatternDemo.java

public class BusinessDelegatePatternDemo {
 
   public static void main(String[] args) {

      BusinessDelegate businessDelegate = new BusinessDelegate();
      businessDelegate.setServiceType("EJB");

      Client client = new Client(businessDelegate);
      client.doTask();

      businessDelegate.setServiceType("JMS");
      client.doTask();
   }
}

Step 7

Verify the output.

Processing task by invoking EJB Service
Processing task by invoking JMS Service